National Symbols of India
India, a land of rich cultural heritage and diversity, proudly celebrates its identity through various national symbols. These symbols represent the nation's values, history, and natural beauty.
Every country has a variety of symbols and signages that depict specific meanings and symbolise something valuable to their corresponding culture. As proud citizens of India, we must be aware and informed about these symbols of national importance.
Let's explore some of India's significant national symbols through this visual blog, complete with pictures, charts, and tables to make learning engaging and informative.
Our journey begins with the National Flag of India, a tricolour that symbolises courage, sacrifice, and the spirit of unity. Here’s a detailed look at its elements:
The National Flag of India was designed by Pingali Venkayya in 1921. It features three horizontal stripes in saffron, white, and green, with the Ashok Chakra positioned in the centre. Officially adopted on July 22, 1947, the flag adheres to the Flag Code of India and has an aspect ratio of 3:2. In India, the term "tricolour" refers to the Indian national flag.
|
Element |
Description |
|
Colours |
Saffron (top), White (middle), Green (bottom) |
|
Ashoka Chakra |
24-spoke wheel of Ashoka in navy blue at the centre |
|
Meaning |
Saffron represents courage and sacrifice. White signifies truth and peace. Green symbolises faith and chivalry. The Ashoka Chakra denotes the righteousness of dharma. |
The national flag of India holds immense significance and symbolism for the country and its people. Here are several key aspects of its importance:
India's path to a unified national flag involved key moments. Before independence, India lacked a single flag. The need for one emerged after the partition of Bengal, which was marked by a national day of mourning. Soon after, Sachindra Prasad Bose introduced a flag on the anniversary of the anti-partition movement, but it faded after the partition was reversed.
Madam Bhikaji Cama highlighted India's struggle for independence at the 2nd International Socialist Congress in Germany, waving a flag made by Hem Chandra Das. In 1917, during the Home Rule Movement, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Mrs. Annie Besant also created their own flag designs.
A turning point came in 1921 when Mahatma Gandhi asked Pingali Venkayya to design a new flag for the Freedom Movement. This design, known as the Swaraj Flag, Gandhi Flag, or Charkha Flag, featured a 'Charkha' symbolising self-reliance and progress.
In 1931, a seven-member flag committee in Karachi revised the design. With Lord Mountbatten’s announcement of India's independence, an ad-hoc committee led by Dr. Rajendra Prasad was formed to create a new flag for free India. With Gandhi’s consent, Venkayya’s design was modified: the Charkha was replaced by the Ashoka Chakra, a wheel emblem from the Sarnath pillar. The colours were chosen to avoid communal connotations. The National Flag of India was officially adopted on July 22, 1947.
|
Element |
Description |
|
Lion Capital |
Four lions standing back to back mounted on a circular abacus |
|
Other Symbols |
Inscription of the words "Satyameva Jayate" below the abacus |
The Indian national emblem, depicting the Lion Capital of Ashoka atop a Sarnath pillar, holds profound significance for the nation. It debates India's ancient heritage and principles of righteousness, courage, and justice. It was adopted as the national emblem on January 26, 1950, and represents the ideals of unity and integrity, as well as the continuity of India's cultural and historical legacy. The four Asiatic lions standing back to back signify power, courage, pride, and confidence, reflecting the nation's strength and resilience. It’s an emblematic representation of India's secular ideals and democratic values on the global stage.
India's National Anthem (Jana Gana Mana) and National Song (Vande Mataram) are powerful expressions of patriotism and unity.
| Element | Description |
|---|---|
| Jana Gana Mana | Written by Rabindranath Tagore, it celebrates India's diversity and unity. |
| Vande Mataram | Written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, it glorifies the motherland. |
Rabindranath Tagore wrote "Jana Gana Mana," India's national hymn. It was written in Bengali and first performed publicly on December 27, 1911, during the Indian National Congress Session in Calcutta (now Kolkata). The writing of the hymn coincided with a watershed moment in Indian history: King George V's visit to India in 1911, which signified the transition of British India's capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
The national anthem was written not only in response to this incident but also to express nationalist sentiment and solidarity. Tagore's composition connected well with Indians' aspirations for freedom and independence at the time.
"Jana Gana Mana" represents India's pluralistic and diverse identity, embodying Tagore's goal of unity through difference. Its lyrics, initially written in Bengali, were later translated into Hindi and other Indian languages, making them accessible and relevant to people all over the country. Today, the national anthem is an essential component of national ceremonies, events, and occasions, and it is sung with pride and reverence.
"Vande Mataram," was penned by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in 1870, and it originated as a hymn to the motherland in his novel "Anandamath." It was written in Bengali and Sanskrit and is known to evoke devotion to India as a nurturing mother goddess. It beautifully intertwines patriotism with spiritual faith. The song quickly became a rallying cry during India's independence movement, embodying the fervent desire for freedom from British colonial rule.
"Vande Mataram" holds profound significance in Indian history and culture. It served as an anthem of unity and resistance against British oppression, fostering a sense of national identity and solidarity among Indians of diverse backgrounds. Its verses, invoking India as "Mother," resonated deeply with freedom fighters, inspiring countless Indians to strive for independence. Despite controversies over its usage, "Vande Mataram" remains a potent symbol of patriotism and reverence for the motherland in modern India.
Here are some other national symbols for you to know about:
In conclusion, it is crucial to have and deeply value Indian national symbols as they embody the essence of India's identity, heritage, and aspirations. These symbols, including the flag, represent the hard-won independence and sovereignty of the nation, reminding us of the sacrifices made by countless individuals in the pursuit of freedom.
They act as a unifying factor, bringing together people from many cultures, languages, and geographies around a shared identity. By honouring and respecting these symbols, we reaffirm our dedication to the ideals of unity, diversity, and growth that distinguish India as a vibrant and dynamic nation in the global arena. Furthermore, these symbols evoke patriotism, and pride in our rich cultural history, and represent our collaborative path towards a better future for all Indians. Thus, cherishing and safeguarding Indian national emblems is more than just tradition; it is a tribute to our shared heritage and a beacon of hope for future generations.
In conclusion, it is crucial to have and deeply value Indian national symbols as they embody the essence of India's identity, heritage, and aspirations. These symbols, including the flag, represent the hard-won independence and sovereignty of the nation, reminding us of the sacrifices made by countless individuals in the pursuit of freedom.
They act as a unifying factor, bringing together people from many cultures, languages, and geographies around a shared identity. By honouring and respecting these symbols, we reaffirm our dedication to the ideals of unity, diversity, and growth that distinguish India as a vibrant and dynamic nation in the global arena. Furthermore, these symbols evoke patriotism, and pride in our rich cultural history, and represent our collaborative path towards a better future for all Indians. Thus, cherishing and safeguarding Indian national emblems is more than just tradition; it is a tribute to our shared heritage and a beacon of hope for future generations.
National Flag: Tiranga
The Tiranga, India’s national flag, symbolizes unity and diversity. It consists of three horizontal stripes: saffron, white, and green, with the Ashoka Chakra, a navy blue wheel with 24 spokes, in the center. Saffron represents courage, white signifies truth, and green stands for faith. The Ashoka Chakra represents law and righteousness. Adopted on July 22, 1947, the Tiranga embodies the nation's spirit and commitment to democracy.
National Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
"Jana Gana Mana," written by Rabindranath Tagore, is India’s national anthem. It celebrates the country’s unity and diversity, praising its vast cultural heritage. Composed in 1911 and adopted on January 24, 1950, the anthem reflects national aspirations and identity, calling for unity and pride among all citizens.
National Calendar: Saka Calendar
The Saka Calendar is India’s official calendar, used alongside the Gregorian calendar for official purposes. It’s based on the ancient Hindu lunar calendar, beginning in 78 AD. Consisting of 12 months starting with the new moon, it reflects India’s historical and cultural heritage, symbolizing continuity in modern times.
National Song: Vande Mataram
"Vande Mataram," written by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and composed by Rabindranath Tagore, is India’s national song. Meaning "I Bow to Thee, Mother," it praises the motherland for its beauty and strength. Published in the 1880s and adopted on January 24, 1950, it symbolizes national pride and unity.
National Emblem: National Emblem of India
The National Emblem of India, adapted from the Lion Capital of Ashoka, represents sovereignty and authority. It features four lions back-to-back, a lotus base, and a banderole with the motto "Satyamev Jayate" (Truth Alone Triumphs). Adopted on January 26, 1950, it embodies justice, truth, and integrity.
National Fruit: Mango
The mango, India’s national fruit, symbolizes richness and cultural significance. Known as the "King of Fruits," it comes in varieties like Alphonso and Dasheri. Valued in cuisine and festivals, the mango reflects India’s agricultural heritage and culinary diversity.
National River: Ganga
The Ganga, India’s national river, is sacred to Hindus and vital for agriculture. Originating from the Himalayas, it represents purity and life-giving power. Its historical and ecological significance underscores its spiritual importance and its role in the country's cultural and environmental heritage.
National Animal: Royal Bengal Tiger
The Royal Bengal Tiger is India’s national animal, symbolizing the country’s wildlife heritage. As the world's longest venomous snake, it is crucial to ecological balance. Its conservation highlights India’s commitment to protecting its natural resources and iconic species.
National Tree: Indian Banyan
The Indian Banyan tree, with its extensive canopy and aerial roots, is India’s national tree. It symbolizes immortality and resilience. Providing shade and habitat, it holds cultural and spiritual significance, representing strength and interconnectedness in nature.
National Aquatic Animal: Ganges River Dolphin
The Ganges River Dolphin, India’s national aquatic animal, is endangered and native to the Ganges and Brahmaputra river systems. Its unique appearance and role in maintaining ecological balance reflect India’s dedication to conserving aquatic biodiversity.
National Bird: Indian Peacock
The Indian Peacock, India’s national bird, is known for its vibrant plumage and courtship display. It symbolizes beauty, grace, and prosperity. Revered in mythology and art, it represents elegance and reflects India’s rich wildlife heritage.
National Currency: Indian Rupee
The Indian Rupee (INR) is the national currency, representing India’s economic identity and stability. Issued by the Reserve Bank of India, the rupee features the ? symbol, adopted in 2010. It reflects the nation's economic progress and financial independence.
National Reptile: King Cobra
The King Cobra, India’s national reptile, is known for its size and venom. Found in Indian forests, it plays a crucial role as a top predator. Its status highlights India’s commitment to conserving its diverse reptilian wildlife.
National Heritage Animal: Indian Elephant
The Indian Elephant, India’s national heritage animal, symbolizes wisdom and cultural significance. Integral to traditions and festivals, it represents strength and prosperity. Conservation efforts focus on preserving its habitat, reflecting India’s dedication to protecting its natural and cultural heritage.
National Flower: Lotus
The Lotus, India’s national flower, represents purity, enlightenment, and rebirth. Its vibrant colors and ability to bloom in muddy waters are symbolic of resilience and beauty. Revered in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain traditions, it embodies India’s spiritual and cultural heritage.
National Vegetable: Pumpkin
The Pumpkin, India’s national vegetable, is valued for its versatility and nutrition. Used in various dishes, it contributes to culinary diversity and agricultural abundance. The pumpkin symbolizes India’s rich diet and agricultural practices.
Oath of Allegiance: National Pledge
The National Pledge, adopted on January 26, 1950, is a solemn oath emphasizing unity, integrity, and dedication to the nation. It reflects democratic values and national pride, reminding citizens of their collective responsibility and commitment to India’s progress and ideals.
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